| BAO Yi-zhong,CHEN Hong-hong,HU Yu-xing,ZOU Mei-jun,XU Ai-hong,SHAO Chun-lin.Effects of chronic cadmium exposure and cadmium exposure combined with γ-ray irradiation on the peripheral lymphocytes and their genotoxicity on hprt gene: experiment with rats[J].Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection,2011,31(3):277-281 |
| Effects of chronic cadmium exposure and cadmium exposure combined with γ-ray irradiation on the peripheral lymphocytes and their genotoxicity on hprt gene: experiment with rats |
| Received:August 24, 2010 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2011.03.008 |
| KeyWords:Chronic cadmium exposure Ionizing radiation Genotoxicity Peripheral blood cells Blood cadmium |
| FundProject:上海市卫生局资助项目(08GWD09, 08GWZX0602) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | BAO Yi-zhong | Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China | | CHEN Hong-hong | Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China | | HU Yu-xing | Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China | | ZOU Mei-jun | Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China | | XU Ai-hong | Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China | | SHAO Chun-lin | Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China |
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| Abstract:: |
| Objective To investigate the effects of chronic cadmium exposure and cadmium exposure combined with γ-ray irradiation on the peripheral lymphocytes and their genotoxicity on hprt gene. Methods Ninety-six SD rats were randomly divided into 6 equal groups: 1 normal control group, 2 low-dose cadmium exposure group undergoing intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mg CdCl2·kg-1·d-1 for 8 weeks, 3high-dose cadmium exposure group undergoing intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 mg CdCl2·kg-1·d-1 for 8 weeks, 4 pure irradiation group exposed to whole-body γ-ray irradiation at the dose of 2 Gy for one time, 5low-dose cadmium exposure combined with irradiation group undergoing intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mg CdCl2·kg-1·d-1 for 8 weeks and then whole-body 2 Gy γ-ray irradiation, and 6 high-dose cadmium exposure combined with whole-body 2 Gy γ-ray irradiation group undergoing intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 mg CdCl2·kg-1·d-1 for 8 weeks and then whole-body 2 Gy γ-ray irradiation. Ten days after the irradiation cardiac blood samples were collected from some of the rats to culture the peripheral lymphocytes to detect the micronucleus rate and hprt mutant frequency of lymphocytes by multinucleated cell assay. The other rats underwent continuous Cd exposure for 4 weeks after γ-ray irradiation and then cardiac blood samples were collected to detect the micronucleus rate and hprt mutant frequency of lymphocytes. Meanwhile, the amount of white blood cells (WBC) was counted and the blood cadmium concentration was measured by ICP-MS. Results The numbers of WBC in the peripheral blood at different time points of the high dose cadmium group were significantly higher than those of the normal control group (F=8.74, P<0.01 and F=13.11, P=0.000 ). The micronucleus rate at different time points of the pure irradiation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(F=26.74,P=0.000 andF=14.13,P=0.000 ). The micronucleus rates of the high-dose cadmium group were significantly higher than those of the control group(F=26.74, P<0.05 andF=14.13,P=0.000 ). The micronucleus rates of the low-dose cadmium+irradiation group were significantly lower than those of the pure irradiation group(F=26.74, P<0.01 andF=14.13, P<0.05 ). The micronucleus rates of the high-dose cadmium+irradiation group were significantly higher than those of the pure irradiation group (F=26.74,P=0.000 and F=14.13,P=0.000). The hprt mutation rates at different time points of the pure irradiation group were significantly higher than those of the normal control group(F=6.60 , P <0.01 andF=12.83,P =0.001 ). The hprt mutation rates of the high-dose cadmium group were significantly higher than those of the control group(F=6.60, P<0.05 andF=12.83, P<0.05 ), but not significantly different from those of the pure irradiation group. However, the hprt mutation rates of the high-dose cadmium+irradiation group were significantly higher than those of the pure irradiation(F=12.83,P=0.000) and high-dose cadmium group(F=6.60, P<0.05 and F=12.83, P<0.05) . The hprt mutation rates of the low-dose cadmium+irradiation group were significantly lower than those of the pure irradiation(F=6.60,P <0.05 ), but not significantly different from those of the control group. Conclusions Chronic exposure to low dose cadmium induces the adaptive response of lymphocytes to radiation. The cadmium in blood at the level of 613-678 μg/L induces leukocytosis and chronic exposure to high dose cadmium combined with irradiation leads to increased genotoxicity of lymphocytes. |
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