中华放射医学与防护杂志

俞顺飞,赖忠俊,宣志强,等.秦山核电站周围食品放射性水平及其所致居民剂量估算[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2025,45(12):1183-1187.Yu Shunfei,Lai Zhongjun,Xuan Zhiqiang,et al.Levels of radioactivity in foods and doses to local residents around Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2025,45(12):1183-1187

秦山核电站周围食品放射性水平及其所致居民剂量估算

Levels of radioactivity in foods and doses to local residents around Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant

投稿时间：2024-09-20

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20240920-00366

中文关键词: 秦山核电站放射性核素食品

英文关键词:Qinshan nuclear power plant Radionuclide Food

基金项目:浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”研发攻关计划(2024C03229)；浙江省卫生健康科技计划(2022RC120, 2022KY130)

作者	单位	E-mail
俞顺飞	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
赖忠俊	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
宣志强	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
郭佳娣	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
郝小吉	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
任鸿	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
王东航	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
胡桂佳	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051
曹艺耀	浙江省疾病预防控制中心, 杭州 310051	yycao@cdc.zj.cn

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中文摘要:

目的评估秦山核电站正常运行期间对周围地区食品放射性水平所产生的影响，并对居民经食入食品所致剂量予以估算。方法 2012—2021年间，对秦山核电站周边30 km范围内本土出产的蔬菜、粮食、家禽家畜、茶叶、牛奶、淡水水产、海水水产等类型食品实施抽样检测，使用高纯锗(HPGe)γ能谱仪分析样品中¹³⁷Cs、¹³⁴Cs、⁵⁸Co、⁶⁰Co、¹¹⁰Ag^m、¹³¹I、²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K等10种核素，同时结合浙江省居民食品消费量数据来估算摄入食品所致待积有效剂量。结果秦山核电站周围30 km范围内的各类食品中的天然放射性核素²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K的活度浓度平均值分别为(0.869 ± 1.758)、(0.471 ± 1.280)、(0.251 ± 0.640)、(123 ± 195) Bq/kg(鲜重)，人工放射性核素¹³⁷Cs的活度浓度平均值为(0.017±0.060)Bq/kg，人工放射性核素¹³¹I、¹¹⁰Ag^m最大的活度浓度水平为0.178、0.052 Bq/kg(鲜重)。经估算，秦山核电站周围成人通过食品年摄入²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K、¹³⁷Cs、¹³¹I、¹¹⁰Ag^m所致待积有效剂量分别为6.898、4.720、8.676、149.8、0.040、0.001、0.000 03 μSv，合计为0.170 mSv。结论秦山核电站周边食品的γ放射性核素活度浓度基本处于本底波动范围，人体健康所面临的风险较低。

英文摘要:

Objective To assess the impacts of normal operation of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (QNPP) on the radioactivity levels in foods in the surrounding areas, and estimate the doses to local adults due to food ingestiion.Methods From 2012 to 2021, locally produced foods within 30 km of the QNPP were monitored. The food types included vegetables, grains, poultry and livestock, tea, milk, freshwater aquatic products, and marine aquatic products. A high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometer was used to analyze the activity concentrations of ¹³⁷Cs, ¹³⁴Cs, ⁵⁸Co, ⁶⁰Co, ¹¹⁰Ag^m, ¹³¹I, ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, ²²⁶Ra, and ⁴⁰K. Data on food consumption by the residents in Zhejiang province were used to estimate the committed effective dose resulting from ingested foods.Results The average activity concentrations of ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K in various foods within 30 km of the QNPP were estimated to be (0.869 ± 1.758), (0.471 ± 1.280), (0.251 ± 0.640), (123 ± 195) Bq/kg (fresh weight), respectively. The average activity concentration of the ¹³⁷Cs was (0.017 ± 0.060) Bq/kg, and the maximum activity concentrations of ¹³¹I and ¹¹⁰Ag^m were 0.178 and 0.052 Bq/kg (fresh weight), respectively. The committed effective doses to the local adult residents due to ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ⁴⁰K, ¹³⁷Cs, ¹³¹I or ¹¹⁰Ag^m, via food ingestion pathway, were estimated to be 6.898, 4.720, 8.676, 149.8, 0.040, 0.001 and 0.000 03 μSv, respectively, totaling 0.170 mSv.Conclusions The activity concentrations of gamma-imitting radionuclides in foods around the QNPP are generally within the range of background fluctuations. The doses resulting from gamma-imitting radionuclides ingested through food pathway are significantly lower than national standard limits, posing the relatively low health risks to the local residents.

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