| 康锋,肖德涛,程维庆,等.地下局部空间活性炭吸附降氡效果评估模型及其验证[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2025,45(8):782-789.Kang Feng,Xiao Detao,Cheng Weiqing,et al.Evaluation model and validation of activated carbon adsorption-based radon reduction effect in localized underground spaces[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2025,45(8):782-789 |
| 地下局部空间活性炭吸附降氡效果评估模型及其验证 |
| Evaluation model and validation of activated carbon adsorption-based radon reduction effect in localized underground spaces |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-15 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20250415-00138 |
| 中文关键词: 地下局部空间 活性炭 吸附降氡 效果评估模型 |
| 英文关键词:Localized underground space Activated carbon Radon reduction by adsorption Effectiveness evaluation model |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(11875165) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 316 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 通过建立地下局部空间活性炭吸附降氡效果评估模型,指导地下局部空间活性炭吸附降氡方法的合理应用。方法 针对间断式和不间断式两种吸附降氡方式于地下局部空间降氡,构建了地下局部空间吸附降氡效果评估的理论模型,模拟分析了空间氡浓度、体积大小、与外界空气交换率等对吸附降氡效果的影响,并在典型情况下对理论模型进行了实验验证。结果 地下局部空间混凝土围体表面氡析出率与空间氡浓度成反比线性关系,但其变化斜率很低,当空间氡浓度从2 018 Bq/m3降为0时,氡析出率从4.20增至4.46 Bq·m-2·h-1,变化范围很小;相同的空气交换率和空间体积下,初始氡浓度对吸附降氡效果几乎没有影响,表明空间围体表面的氡产生率对吸附降氡效果的影响可以忽略;而装置吸附流量和局部空间与周围空间空气交换率对降氡效果影响显著;在相同的密闭局部空间和吸附流量条件下,间断式和不间断式两种吸附降氡方法的降氡效果差别较小;但对于与周围环境有连通的局部空间, 不间断式的降氡效果明显优于间断式,且降氡速度更快,能适应更大空间需求;经模拟实验验证,吸附降氡效果评估的理论模型是可靠的。结论 研究成果能够为不同体积大小和连通状况的地下局部空间选择合适的吸附降氡装置将空间内的氡浓度降低到理想的水平提供理论指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To establish an evaluation model for the radon reduction effect of activated carbon adsorption in localized underground spaces, to guide the rational application of the activated carbon adsorption method for radon reduction in localized underground spaces. Methods For both intermittent and continuous adsorption-based radon reduction method in localized underground spaces, a theoretical model was constructed for evaluating the of radon reduction effec. By means of this modle, the influence factors on the radon reduction effect were analyzed such as radon concentration, space volume, and air exchange rate with the external environment. Experimental validation of the theoretical model was conducted under typical conditions. Results The radon exhalation rate from concrete surface in localized underground spaces was inversely linear relationship with the indoor radon concentration. However, the slope of this relationship was very small: when the radon concentration decreased from 2 018 Bq/m3 to 0, the exhalation rate only increased slightly from 4.20 to 4.46 Bq·m-2·h-1, indicating a minimal change. At the same air exchange rate and in the same space volume, the initial radon concentration had little impact on the adsorption-based radon reduction effect, thus suggesting that the radon generation rate from the enclosure surface could be negligible in the evaluation. In contrast, the adsorption flow rate of a radon reduction device and the air exchange rate between the localized spaces and surrounding environment had significant fluence on radon reduction effect. In the same sealed space and at the same adsorption flow rate, the difference in effect between intermittent and continuous adsorption method was of insignificance. However, in localized spaces with connectivity to surrounding environment, the continuous adsorption significantly outperforms intermittent adsorption, achieving faster radon reduction and better suitability for larger spaces. Simulated experiments validated that the theoretical model for evaluating adsorption-based radon reduction effect was reliable. Conclusions The research findings provide theoretical guidance on selecting appropriate adsorption-based radon reduction devices for localized underground spaces of different volumes and varing connectivity conditions, in order to reduce the radon concentration within localized spaces to expected levels. |
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