| 刘云娥,汤海燕,张丹,等.放射性核素内污染人员鼻拭子采集评分标准的构建及应用[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2025,45(7):663-667.Liu Yune,Tang Haiyan,Zhang Dan,et al.Development and application of scoring standard for nasal swab collection technique for internal contamination[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2025,45(7):663-667 |
| 放射性核素内污染人员鼻拭子采集评分标准的构建及应用 |
| Development and application of scoring standard for nasal swab collection technique for internal contamination |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-02 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20240702-00248 |
| 中文关键词: 放射性核素内污染 鼻拭子 采集 操作流程 评分标准 |
| 英文关键词:Internal Contamination of radionuclides Nasal swab Collection Operation flow Scoring standard |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 本研究旨在构建放射性核素内污染人员鼻拭子采集技术评分标准,并检验临床应用的效果,以规范鼻拭子采集流程,提升核应急医学救援能力。方法 通过大量文献研读、专家咨询结合预试验构建放射性核素内污染人员鼻拭子采集技术评分标准。并应用构建的技术流程对55名护士进行培训考核,分析培训前后的成绩差异,检验应用效果。结果 专家函询问卷有效回收率为93.3%,专家熟悉程度为0.914,判断依据为0.921,专家权威系数为0.917,最终构建了放射性核素内污染人员鼻拭子采集技术评分标准,包括准备、采样和整理3个阶段。经实证应用,培训后成绩(94.98±2.84)分明显优于培训前摸底成绩(81.37±10.45)分,差异有统计学意义(t=8.63,P＜0.05)。结论 本研究首次规范了放射性核素内污染人员鼻拭子采集评分标准,并通过实证应用得到了较好的效果,该评分标准适用于临床实践及培训,有助于规范采集流程,提升核应急医学救援能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To establish the scoring standard of nasal swab collection technique for internal contamination, and to test its clinical effect, so as to standardize the nasal swab collection process and improve the medical rescue ability against nuclear radiation. Methods The scoring standard of nasal swab collection technique for internal contamination was developed on the basis of literature research, expert consultation and pre-test. It was applied for training and assessment of 55 nurses, and the difference in scores before and after training was analyzed to test the application effect. Results The effective response rate of expert inquiry questionnaire was 93.3%, the expert familiarity 0.914, the judgment basis 0.921, and the expert authority coefficient 0.917. Finally, the technical scoring standard for nasal swab collection for internal contamination was developed through three stages of preparation, sampling and arrangement. Through practical application, the score after training (94.98±2.84) was significantly better than that before training (81.37±10.45), with statistically significant difference (t=8.63, P＜0.05). Conclusions The scoring standard of nasal swab collection technique for internal contamination, developed in this study, is reliable, innovative and practical. It is suitable for clinical practice and training and helpful to standardize the collection process and improve the rescue ability in a nuclear emergency. |
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