| 李则书,拓飞,周强,等.海水中137Cs快速测量方法及其初步应用[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2025,45(2):116-121.Li Zeshu,Tuo Fei,Zhou Qiang,et al.Rapid measurement method for 137Cs in seawater and its preliminary application[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2025,45(2):116-121 |
| 海水中137Cs快速测量方法及其初步应用 |
| Rapid measurement method for 137Cs in seawater and its preliminary application |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-19 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20240719-00268 |
| 中文关键词: 亚铁氰化镍钾聚丙烯腈 137Cs 快速测量 γ能谱 |
| 英文关键词:Nickel potassium polyacrylonitrile 137Cs Rapid measurement γ-spectrometer |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 建立高灵敏度的海水中137Cs快速测量方法, 并利用该方法开展我国沿海8个省份近岸海水中137Cs测量的初步应用。方法 用亚铁氰化镍钾聚丙烯腈(KNiFC-PAN)离子交换树脂材料, 通过蠕动泵以60 ml/min过滤吸附海水中的137Cs。采用海水中加稳定铯的方法, 应用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)方法测量海水吸附前后铯离子浓度获得吸附效率。制备3个KNiFC-PAN基质成分的137Cs标准样品对井型高纯锗γ谱仪进行效率刻度, 获得其探测效率。以此建立海水中137Cs的快速测量方法, 并将该方法应用于我国沿海海水中137Cs的测量。结果 建立的测量方法可在6~8 h内完成20 L海水中137Cs的过滤吸附, 与GB/T 16145-2022标准中用磷钼酸铵-二氧化锰共沉淀方法分离海水中137Cs所需时间至少要12 h相比, 本研究方法在预处理海水的效率上可提升1倍, 且铯回收率高达98.02%。制备的3个标准样品效率刻度值的相对标准偏差为1.30%, 计算得到本方法137Cs的探测下限为0.26 Bq/m3。检测到我国沿海8个省份近海岸海水中137Cs的活度浓度范围为0.38~1.24 Bq/m3。与2019年报道我国东部海域海水中137Cs活度浓度巡测结果(0.03~1.92 Bq/m3)和太平洋海水中137Cs活度浓度(1~2 Bq/m3)相比, 我国沿海海水中137Cs处于本底水平。结论 本方法具有较高的探测灵敏度, 且可快速获得海水中放射性137Cs的活度浓度, 为我国开展海水中放射性137Cs的应急监测提供了一种快速可行的方法。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To establish a highly-sensitive method for the rapid measurement of 137Cs in seawater with an view to its preliminary application in eight coastal provinces of China. Methods The method employed nickel potassium polyacrylonitrile (KNiFC-PAN), an organic polymer-based ion exchanged resin material, to filter and adsorb 137Cs from seawater at a rate of 60 ml/min via a peristaltic pump. The adsorption efficiency of KNiFC-PAN was determined by measuring the cesium ion concentration before and after adsorption in seawater, with the addition of stable cesium, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Three KNiFC-PAN matrix components of 137Cs standard samples were prepared for the efficiency calibration of well type high purity germanium gamma spectrometer to obtain its detection efficiency. Results The established measuring method can complete the filtration and adsorption of 137Cs from 20 L seawater within 6-8 h, which was twice as fast as the co-precipitation method with phosphomolybdic acid-ammonium molybdate taking more than 12 h, as stipulated in the GB/T 16145-2022 standard. The cesium recovery rate was as high as 98.02%. The relative standard deviation of the efficiency calibration result for the three prepared standard samples was 1.30%, and the detection limit for 137Cs was 0.26 Bq/m3. The activity concentrations of 137Cs in offcoast seawater in eight coastal provinces of China were detected ranging from 0.38 to 1.24 Bq/m3. The activity concentration of 137Cs in coastal seawater of China was at the background level, while as reported in 2019 was 0.03-1.92 Bq/m3 in the eastern Chinese seas and 1-2 Bq/m3 in the Pacific Ocean. Conclusions This method has high detection sensitivity and can quickly obtain the values of activity concentration of 137Cs in seawater, thus providing a rapid and feasible method for emergency monitoring of 137Cs in China. |
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