| 张品华,李小亮,苏垠平,孙全富,刘建香.2020—2021年非铀矿工氡及其健康危害认知状况调查[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2023,43(1):51-55 |
| 2020—2021年非铀矿工氡及其健康危害认知状况调查 |
| Investigation on awareness of radon and health risks in non-uranium miners from 2020 to 2021 |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-29 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20220629-00274 |
| 中文关键词: 非铀矿工 氡及健康危害 认知 |
| 英文关键词:Non-uranium miner Radon and health risks Awareness |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解我国非铀矿工氡及其健康危害的认知状况并分析影响因素,为放射卫生技术机构和用人单位开展氡的健康教育工作提供调研依据。方法 采用整群随机抽样方法,在2020年6月—2021年12月从11个省份选择32座典型非铀矿山的男性矿工开展氡及其健康危害认知调查,并使用二元logistic回归模型分析非铀矿工氡知晓情况的影响因素。结果 1184名被调查矿工的氡知晓率为19.17%,知晓氡的非铀矿工中有36.56%能准确说出氡的健康危害,18.06%能正确识别减少氡浓度的措施。单因素分析结果表明,非铀矿工氡知晓率在不同的受教育程度、劳动关系、岗位类别和地区间分布存在差异(χ2=55.92、21.89、64.31、11.26,P＜0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,本科及以上学历、正式工、岗位类别为行政管理人员和技术人员是氡知晓的影响因素(χ2=12.81、6.58、5.66、21.44,P＜0.05)。未发现非铀矿工氡知晓率与年龄、工龄、地区和吸烟有关(P＞0.05)。结论 我国非铀矿工氡及其健康危害认知水平较低,放射卫生技术机构和用人单位应采用媒体宣传、在岗培训、合同告知和工作场所宣传栏告知等措施加强非铀矿工氡相关知识的教育和培训,提高个人防护意识。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the non-uranium miners' awareness of radon and health risks in China and analyze the relevant influencing factors, in order to provide research basis for radiological protection institutions and employers to carry out radon health education.Methods Male miners in 32 typical non-uranium mines from 11 provinces were selected by using cluster random sampling method from June 2020 to December 2021. The awareness of radon and health risks was investigated, and the influencing factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression model.Results A total of 1 184 non-uranium miners were investigated, and the radon awareness rate of them was 19.17%. 36.56% of the non-uranium miners heard about radon knew the radon health risks accurately, and 18.06% could identify the measures to reduce radon concentration correctly. Univariate analysis showed that the radon awareness rate of non-uranium miners varied with different education levels, labor relations, post categories, and regions (χ2=55.92,21.89,64.31,11.26,P＜0.05). The result of logistic regression analysis showed that a bachelor degree or above, regular employee, administrative personnel and technical personnel were influencing factors of the radon awareness level (χ2=12.81,6.58,5.66,21.44,P＜0.05). There was no statistically significant difference of radon awareness rate in different ages, working years, regions, and smoke groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions The awareness level of radon and health risks of non-uranium miners was relatively low in China. Radiological protection institutions and employers should strengthen education and training of radon related knowledge in non-uranium miners through mass media,on-duty training, contract notification and workplace publicity board notification, so as to improve their personal protection consciousness. |
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