| 赵红俊,王芳,刘玉连,王海云,焦玲.青少年学生对核与辐射科普需求调研分析[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2021,41(10):746-751 |
| 青少年学生对核与辐射科普需求调研分析 |
| Investigation and analysis of the needs of young students for popularizing science about nuclear and radiation |
| 投稿时间：2021-01-22 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2021.10.005 |
| 中文关键词: 核与辐射 青少年学生 科普需求 性别差异 |
| 英文关键词:Nuclear and radiation Young students Demand analysis Gender differences |
| 基金项目:天津市科技计划项目（19KPXMRC00050） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解青少年学生的核与辐射科普需求，为做好精准科普提供科学依据。方法 采用简单随机抽样方法，于2020年12月在京津冀地区抽取了1所小学、5所中学和2所大学，并通过教师发放问卷，采用便利抽样方法在朋友圈等发放问卷扩大调查范围，调查对象共计1 345名。利用SPSS软件对调查对象的基本信息、对核与辐射科普了解及关注情况以及对核与辐射科普需求情况进行统计学分析。结果 本调研共收回有效问卷1 120份。学生群体中，52.4%对辐射认知主要停留在概念层面；52.2%偶尔关注核与辐射科普；关注目的为生活参考和兴趣爱好的占比分别为65.3%和41.3%；希望获取的科普知识方面，辐射防护和来源及影响的关注度较高，分别为72.6%和68.3%；图解及短视频是学生群体比较喜爱的科普形式，分别为45.7%和44.3%。不同性别学生对辐射认知、科普关注程度、关注目的及辐射防护的科普内容需求等方面均存在差异，其差异具有统计学意义（χ2=10.017、26.859、56.237、17.305，P<0.05）。结论 核与辐射科普应遵循需求规律，精准定位青少年学生的需求特点，并结合不同性别公众特点，以生活性、趣味性为切入点，重点选取防护及救治类和损伤效应及危害类知识，以提高公众关注程度，提升全民核科学素养，营造良好核安全文化氛围。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To be aware of the needs of the young students for nuclear and radiation science popularization, and to provide scientific basis for accurate science popularization. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select 1 primary school, 5 middle schools and 2 universities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in December 2020. Questionnaires were distributed through teachers. In addition, convenience sampling method was used to distribute questionnaires in friend circle and other areas to expand the survey scope, with a total of 1 345 respondents. SPSS was used to conduct statistical analysis on the basic information of the respondents, the understanding and concern of nuclear and radiation science popularization and the demand for nuclear and radiation science popularization. Results A total of 1 120 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 52.4% mainly remained at the conceptual level for the cognition of radiation, 52.2% occasionally paid attention to nuclear and radiation science popularization, 65.3% and 41.3% paid attention to life reference and hobbies, respectively. Radiation protection and its sources and effects received high concern, accounting for 72.6% and 68.3% respectively. Illustration and short video were popular science forms of young students, making up 45.7% and 44.3%, respectively. The students of different genders differed in radiation cognition, degree of concern, purpose of concern and content demand for radiation protection science popularization, and the differences are statistically significant(χ2=10.017,26.859,56.237,17.305,P<0.05). Conclusions Nuclear and radiation science popularization should consistent with the law of public demand, accurately locate the demand characteristics of young students, and consider the characteristics of different genders, concerns over radiation protection, treatment and damage knowledge from the point of life and fun, so as to improve the public's attention, enhance the national nuclear science culture, and create a good nuclear safety culture atmosphere. |
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