| 孙雷焕,吴文婧,张斌,张超.西安市58家基层医疗机构放射防护情况调查与分析[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2019,39(11):847-851 |
| 西安市58家基层医疗机构放射防护情况调查与分析 |
| Investigation and analysis on current status of radiation protection in 58 primary medical institutions in Xi'an city |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-20 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2019.11.009 |
| 中文关键词: 基层医疗机构 放射防护 调查 |
| 英文关键词:Primary medical institutions Radiological protection Investigation |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解西安市基层医疗机构放射防护现状，分析存在的问题，为进一步加强基层医疗机构放射诊疗防护管理提供对策和建议。方法 按照全国放射卫生监测项目工作方案及陕西省相关实施方案的要求，采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取西安市基层医疗机构共计58家。资料收集采用统一设计的调查表，对这些机构的放射防护基本情况、放射诊疗设备、防护配套设备及使用情况、机房规范性等方面进行调查和分析。机房防护监测由西安市疾病预防控制中心放射卫生科室人员进行现场检测并记录数据。结果 本次调查发现，基层医疗机构放射诊疗许可证持证率为96.6％，配备有专职的放射诊断专业技术人员比例为89.6％，放射工作人员培训率为89.6%，受检者防护用品配备率为85.7％，受检者防护用品使用率为74.3％，放射工作人员体检率为91.4%，个人剂量监测率为96.5%；不同类型基层医疗机构机房的最短边、机房面积差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同类型基层医疗机构在机房通风（χ2=7.034，P<0.05）、有无杂物（χ2=29.075，P<0.05）、警示标识配备（χ2=23.156，P<0.05）、工作状态指示灯配备（χ2=23.478，P<0.05）上差异有统计学意义；所调查的基层医疗机构工作场所辐射防护合格率为74.1%，工作场所周围环境辐射剂量水平差异有统计学意义（χ2=14.028，P<0.05）。结论 基层医疗机构患者个人放射防护用品配置率及受检者防护用品使用率较低，放射工作场所的规范性较差，工作场所辐射防护有待提高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To survey the current situation of radiological protection in primary medical institutions in Xi'an, analyze the existing problems, and provide countermeasures and suggestions for further strengthening the radiological protection management of radiological diagnosis and treatment in primary medical institutions. Methods A total of 58 primary medical institutions in Xi'an were selected by stratified cluster sampling according to the work plan of national radiological health monitoring project and the related implementation plan in Shaanxi province. Data were collected by using a unified design questionnaire to investigate and analyze the basic protection situation, radiological diagnosis and treatment equipment, protective auxiliary equipment and their use situations as well as the standardization of the machine room of these radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions. Protective monitoring of the machine room was conducted by the Radiological Health Department of Xi'an CDC together with the relevant data being recorded. Results The survey found that the holding rate of the license of radiological diagnosis and treatment in primary medical institutions was 96.6%, the ratio of professional and technical workers with professional expertise in radiological diagnosis and treatment 89.6%, the training rate of radiological staff 89.6%, and the proportion of protective equipment 85.7%, the utilization rate of protective equipment 74.3%, the rate of physical examination for radiation workers 91.4%, and the rate of personal dose monitoring 96.5%. There was no statistically significance in the area and at the shortest side of the machine rooms between different types(P>0.05).There were statistically significances in ventilation (χ2=7.034, P<0.05), tidiness (χ2=29.075, P<0.05), warning sign equipment (χ2=23.156, P<0.05) and status indicator light equipment (χ2=23.478, P<0.05) between different types of primary medical institutions. The qualified rate of radiation protection in the workplace of the radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions was 74.1%, and the difference in radiation dose levels in the surrounding environment of the workplace of the radiological diagnosis and treatment institutions between different types was statistically significant (χ2=14.028, P<0.05). Conclusions The patients'personal protective equipment allocation rate and the utilization rate of examined individuals' protective equipment in the primary medical institutions are low, the standardization of the radiation workplace is poor, and the radiation protection in the workplace needs to be improved. |
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