| 丁正贵,吕沈聪,胡赞.2018年秦山核电站周边饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平的监测与分析[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2019,39(7):517-522 |
| 2018年秦山核电站周边饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平的监测与分析 |
| Monitoring and analysis of total α and total β levels in drinking water around Qinshan Nuclear Power Plsnt in 2018 |
| 投稿时间：2019-01-09 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2019.07.007 |
| 中文关键词: 饮用水 放射性水平 残渣率 |
| 英文关键词:Drinking water Radioactive level Residue rate |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解秦山核电站周边的饮用水中总α、总β放射性本底水平。方法 根据国家卫生健康委员会方案，2018年在海盐县内距秦山核电站周围30 km范围内的11个监测点，在上半年和下半年分别采集水源水、出厂水和管网末梢水各1次，依据GB/T 5750.13-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法放射性指标》进行采样、检测分析。检测的饮用水中总α、总β放射性水平按GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价，并比较2018年与2016-2017年末梢水中总α、总β放射性水平。结果 11个采样点分别在2018年4月和9月共采得水样22份，测得饮用水蒸干后的残渣率与不同类型水体有关，水源水残渣率稍高，达0.033 7%。不同类型水体中总α放射性水平范围为0.008~0.040 Bq/L，平均值为（0.015±0.009）Bq/L，总β放射性水平范围为0.014~0.320 Bq/L，平均值为（0.188±0.068）Bq/L。水源水和出厂水总α放射性水平比较，差异具有统计学意义（Z=-2.286，P<0.05）；残渣量与总α、总β放射性水平无线性关系，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2018年末梢水与2016-2017年比较，总α、总β放射性水平比较差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.976、-2.031，P<0.05），2017年末梢水与2016年比较，总α、总β放射性水平比较差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.042、-3.214，P<0.05），2018年末梢水与2017年比较，总α、总β放射性水平比较差异有统计学意义（Z=-20.112、-2.511，P<0.05），但均符合标准要求。结论 核电站运行未对其周围饮用水的放射性水平产生影响，秦山核电站周围饮用水是安全的。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To ascertain the background levels of total α and total β radioactivity in drinking water around Qianshan Nuclear Power Plant (QNPP). Methods Under the National Health and Wellness Committee's program, 11 monitoring points within 30 km of QNPP were selected in Haiyan County in 2018. The samples of raw water, factory water and tap water were collected in the first half and the second half of the year, respectively, and determined and analyzed according to Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water-Radiological Parameters (GB/T 5750.13-2006). The total α and total β levels in the tested drinking water were evaluated under the Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749-2006). Results A total of 22 water samples were collected from 11 sampling points in April and September 2018, respectively. The residue rate obtained after drinking water was dried varied, dependent on different types of water, which could be up to 0.033 7%. The total α levels in different types of water ranged from 0.008 to 0.04 Bq/L, averaged on (0.015±0.009) Bq/L, whereas the total β levels ranged from 0.014 to 0.320 Bq/L with an average of (0.188±0.068) Bq/L. There was statistically significant difference in total α levels between raw water and factory water (Z=-2.286, P<0.05), without statistically significant difference between residue rate and total α and total β levels (P>0.05). The background levels of total α and total β radioactivity in 93 drinking water samples in 2016 and 2017 were also investigated, combined with a total of 115 water samples from different water bodies in 2018. There was statistically significant difference in total α and total β levels in tap water between 2017-2016 and 2018 (Z=-2.976, -2.031, P<0.05), between 2016 and 2017 (Z=-2.042, -3.214, P<0.05) and between 2017 and 2018 (Z=-20.112, -2.511, P<0.05). Conclusions The operation of nuclear power plant has no impact on radioactivity level in drinking water around QNPP. The drinking water around QNPP is safe. |
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