| 王鑫宏,刘成佳,孙建忠,胡婷婷,丁文洪,章伟敏.儿童CT扫描部位及有效剂量分析[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2017,37(11):866-869 |
| 儿童CT扫描部位及有效剂量分析 |
| Analysis of CT-related sites and effective dose in children |
| 投稿时间：2017-08-05 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2017.11.013 |
| 中文关键词: 辐射剂量 CT 儿童 |
| 英文关键词:Radiation dose Computed tomography Children |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 利用剂量监控软件分析儿童CT扫描部位及辐射剂量构成，分析比较儿童患者与14周岁以上患者单次扫描剂量差异。方法 利用自行设计的剂量监测软件，调取本院2016年1月1日至12月31日进行过CT扫描的125 147例患者的CT扫描资料，其中儿童542例，14周岁以上患者124 605例。根据儿童患者扫描部位和扫描剂量，分析儿童各年龄段剂量差异，比较儿童与14周岁以上患者各扫描部位的剂量差异。结果 头颅（39.67%）、四肢（36.90%）是儿童最主要进行的CT扫描部位，腹部（20.77%）及四肢（48.87%）是构成儿童有效剂量的主要部位。儿童组随着年龄段升高，单次平均剂量长度乘积（DLP）逐渐升高，不同年龄段之间比较，差异有统计学意义（Z=21.42，P<0.05）。儿童组平均DLP及平均有效剂量分别为（567.38±433.03） mGy ·cm和（5.58±5.45） mSv，均明显小于14周岁以上组的（737.75±172.40） mGy ·cm和（11.07±2.59） mSv，差异均有统计学意义（Z=-3.74、-4.12，P<0.05）。各扫描部位中，除儿童组颈部及四肢平均DLP高于14周岁以上组（Z=-2.04、-3.97，P<0.05），其他部位儿童组均低于或相当于14周岁以上组，换算为有效剂量，除14周岁以上组胸部平均有效剂量高于儿童组，其他部位儿童组均高于或相当于14周岁以上组（Z=-3.03、-3.11、-4.12，P<0.05）。结论 儿童CT在扫描参数及剂量控制上进行了优化，但由于儿童较14周岁以上患者更加敏感，对儿童的防护仍需引起重视，儿童CT扫描的选择需要更加慎重。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the sites of CT scan and radiation dose to children, and to compare the dose difference between children and others aged above 14 years with the dose-monitoring software in a single scan. Methods A total of 125 147 cases undergoing CT scans were selected from Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2016, including 542 in children group and 124 605 in patients group aged above 14 years. Based on the self-designed CT dose of real-time detection and management software, the scan sites and the composition of the scanning dose were recorded and compared between children and patients aged above 14 years in a single scan. Results Head (39.67%) and extremities (36.90%) were the primary CT scan sites in children. Abdominal (20.77%) and limbs (48.87%) constituted the main part of effective dose to children. In children group, the average single DLP gradually increased with age(Z=21.42, P<0.05). The mean DLP was (567.38±433.03) mGy ·cm and average effective dose (5.58±5.45) mSv in children group, significantly lower than that in patients aged above[14 years (737.75±172.40) mGy ·cm and (11.07±2.59) mSv, Z=-3.74,-4.12, P<0.05]. DLPs in patients aged above 14 years were higher than or equal to those in children group, with a few exceptions of neck and limbs with higher values(Z=-2.04、-3.97, P<0.05). Effective doses in children were higher than or equal to those in the group aged above 14 years(Z=-3.03, -3.11, -4.12,P<0.05), with an exception of chest with higher value. Conclusions Although the parameters of CT scan and dose control were optimized to some extent in children, radiation protection on children still needs to be paid attention for due to the radiosensitivity of children. CT scanning on children should be more careful. |
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