| 李明宇,李梦雪,张琳,等.航空机组人员宇宙辐射照射健康危害研究进展[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2026,46(2):142-148.Li Mingyu,Li Mengxue,Zhang Lin,et al.Research progress on health hazards to aircrew by cosmic radiation exposure[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2026,46(2):142-148 |
| 航空机组人员宇宙辐射照射健康危害研究进展 |
| Research progress on health hazards to aircrew by cosmic radiation exposure |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-05 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20250905-00320 |
| 中文关键词: 航空机组人员 宇宙辐射 健康危害 |
| 英文关键词:Aircrew Cosmic radiation Health hazards |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 来自初级宇宙射线的高能粒子与地球大气相互作用形成次级宇宙射线,共同组成宇宙辐射。航空机组人员因长期在高空环境作业,成为受到宇宙辐射照射水平较高的职业人群之一,健康状况不可忽视。本文对宇宙辐射照射的遗传毒性与细胞损伤、航空机组人员受照剂量水平以及癌症和非癌症健康效应的相关研究进行综述,旨在为该职业人群的健康风险评估与辐射防护策略提供新思路和科学依据。多数研究显示航空机组人员乳腺癌、皮肤癌风险显著高于一般人群,其他癌症结局研究结果不一致。不同研究结果存在的差异主要源于样本量、混杂因素控制及"健康工人效应"的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| High-energy particles from primary cosmic rays interact with the earth's atmosphere to form secondary cosmic rays, collectively composing cosmic radiation. Due to long-term working at high altitude, the aircrew have become one of the most highly exposed occupational groups, with in-negiliable health status. This study presents a narrative review of the research findings relevant to the genotoxicity and cellular damage induced by cosmic radiation exposure, the radiation doses received by aircrew, and the cancerous and non-cancerous health effects. The aim of the present study is to provide new inputs and scientific basis for health risk assessment and radiation protection strategies for aircrew as one of exposed occupational groups. Most studies available have shown that the risks of breast cancer and skin cancer to aircrew are significantly higher than in the general population, of which the research findings on other cancer effects are still inconformity each other. The discrepancies between different research result are mainly attributed to such factors as sample size, control of confounding factors, and impact on healthy workers. |
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