| 范胜男,赵宇,肖虹,等.我国典型航线中子周围剂量当量的测量与分析[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2026,46(2):121-128.Fan Shengnan,Zhao Yu,Xiao Hong,et al.Analysis of measured neutron ambient dose equivalent on typical flight routes in China[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2026,46(2):121-128 |
| 我国典型航线中子周围剂量当量的测量与分析 |
| Analysis of measured neutron ambient dose equivalent on typical flight routes in China |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-07 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20250707-00228 |
| 中文关键词: 航空机组人员 中子剂量 周围剂量当量率 宇宙辐射 |
| 英文关键词:Aircrew Neutron radiation dose Ambient dose equivalent rate Cosmic radiation |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 通过测量与分析我国典型航线中子周围剂量当量,为建立我国宇宙辐射剂量估算工具以及完善航空机组人员健康管理体系提供数据支撑。方法 选取了以北京首都国际机场为起终点的23条航线,以及1条深圳至沈阳的航线进行测量,共计24条航线。测量采用FHT762-WENDI2中子周围剂量当量仪,实时获取航空高度中子周围剂量当量率,并同步记录飞行高度、经纬度、飞行时间等飞行轨迹参数。将实测结果与国际行业软件CARI-7A计算值比较分析,验证实测结果准确性。此外,使用逐步回归分析法,建立航线中子周围剂量当量回归模型,分析影响航线中子周围剂量当量的主要因素。并按照国家规定的航空机组人员年最长累积飞行时间估算人员所受宇宙辐射剂量。结果 24条航线平均中子周围剂量当量率范围为0.20~1.30 μSv/h,航线中子周围剂量当量范围0.21~7.40 μSv。实测航线中子周围剂量当量与CARI-7A计算值之间的平均相对偏差约为14.65%,表明实测值与CARI-7A计算值吻合良好。飞行时间和平均巡航高度是影响航线中子周围剂量当量的主要因素,其次是出发和目的地纬度。除4条短距离航线外,其余20条航线的飞行员和乘务员所受年总宇宙辐射剂量均超过了公众年剂量限值(1 mSv)。结论 航线中子周围剂量当量与飞行时间、平均巡航高度和飞行纬度呈正相关,高纬度、高海拔航线的辐射风险显著高于其他航线。对于频繁飞行和飞极地航线的航空机组人员,累积剂量可能较高,需要加强航空飞行的辐射剂量监测和管理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To measure and analyze the neutron ambient dose equivalent on some domestic flight routes, in order to provide data support for developing a cosmic radiation dose estimation tool and improving the health management system for aircraft crew. Methods This study selected 24 routes for measurement purpose, 23 with Beijing Capital International Airport as both the departure and arrival airport and one from Shenzhen to Shenyang for measurement. The FHT762-WENDI2 detector was used to measure the neutron ambient dose equivalent rate at flight altitude, with flight parameters on flight altitude, latitude, longitude, and flight duration collected in real time. The measured results were compared with the CARI-7A calculated values to verify the accuracy of the measurements. Additionally, based on stepwise regression analysis, the optimal regression model for use in analyzing neutron ambient dose equivalent was established. And the annual effective doses were estimated based on the maximum cumulative flight time of aircraft crew in a year as stipulated in the relevant national standard. Results Measurements were conducted along 24 flight routes crossing 14 cities in China. It was found that the average neutron ambient dose equivalent rate ranged from 0.20 to 1.30 μSv/h, with the neutron ambient dose equivalent on the routes ranging from 0.21 to 7.40 μSv. The average relative deviation between the measured valules and the CARI-7A calculated values was approximately 14.65%, indicating a good consistency between the two. The findings reveal that flight duration and cruising altitude were the most statistically significant factors, followed by the departure latitude and destination latitude. Except for four short-haul routes, the annual cosmic radiation dose received by pilots and flight attendants on the remaining 20 routes all exceeded the public annual dose limit (1 mSv). Conclusions The neutron ambient dose equivalent on flight routes is positively correlated with flight time, average cruising altitude and flight latitude. The radiation risk to the aircraft crew on high-latitude and high-altitude routes is significantly higher than those on other routes. In addition, the cumulative doses may be relatively high for crew members who fly either frequently or on polar routes. Therefore, it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring and regulatory control of radiation doses to aircrew. |
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