| 叶政霖,拓飞,杨宝路,等.野生食用菌菌盖和菌柄中137Cs和40K含量及有关元素分析[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2025,45(12):1176-1182.Ye Zhenglin,Tuo Fei,Yang Baolu,et al.Analysis of 137Cs and 40K contents and related elements in the caps and stems of wild edible mushrooms[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2025,45(12):1176-1182 |
| 野生食用菌菌盖和菌柄中137Cs和40K含量及有关元素分析 |
| Analysis of 137Cs and 40K contents and related elements in the caps and stems of wild edible mushrooms |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-26 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20240926-00384 |
| 中文关键词: 野生食用菌 菌盖 菌柄 137Cs 放射性 |
| 英文关键词:Wild edible mushrooms Caps Stems 137Cs Radioactivity |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 检测野生食用菌菌盖(含菌褶)和菌柄中人工放射性核素137Cs和天然放射性核素40K的含量，分析两种放射性核素以及C、H、O、N在野生食用菌中分布的特点，探索性分析菌盖(含菌褶)和菌柄中137Cs、40K与C、H、O、N的含量之间有无关联。方法 采集了来自我国东北地区的野生食用菌菌盖(含菌褶)和菌柄样品各33份，根据GB/T 16415-2022推荐的程序，使用低本底高纯锗γ能谱仪分析了其中的137Cs和40K的含量；使用简单随机抽样选择了11份野生食用菌的菌盖和菌柄进行了C、H、O、N元素的测量；使用SPSS 11.5进行配对分析和相关性分析。结果 除个别样品未检出137Cs外，其余样品中均检出137Cs；全部样品均检出了40K，菌盖(含菌褶)中137Cs检出的活度浓度范围为0.52~ 436(Bq/kg，干重)，菌柄的137Cs的活度浓度范围为0.45~250(Bq/kg，干重)；菌盖(含菌褶)中40K活度浓度范围为(7.56~19.3)×102(Bq/kg，干重)，菌柄中40K活度浓度范围为(6.82~22.8)×102(Bq/kg，干重)。菌盖(含菌褶)和菌柄中137Cs含量差异有统计学意义(z=4.29，P < 0.01)，两部分中O元素含量差异有统计学意义(z=2.93，P < 0.01)，但两部分中的40K含量、C、H、N含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两部分137Cs含量比值与O元素含量比值无明显相关性，但菌柄中的137Cs与40K的含量呈负相关关系，但相关关系较弱(r=-0.41，P < 0.05)。结论 本研究采集的野生食用菌中，大多数情况下菌盖(含菌褶)的137Cs活度浓度高于菌柄，说明菌盖(含菌褶)是放射性核素137Cs的主要聚集部位，这可能是铯与菌盖中的色素络合作用有关。O元素含量虽也有差异，但其差异与137Cs含量无相关性。菌柄中137Cs和40K含量存在微弱的负相关关系，表明二者存在一定的互相抑制。40K含量和C、H、N含量在两部分中无明显的差别。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To detect the contents of artificial radionuclide 137Cs and natural radionuclide 40K in the caps (including hyphae) and stems of wild edible mushrooms, to analyze the characteristics of the distribution of the two radionuclides as well as elements C, H, O and N in wild edible mushrooms, and to explore whether or not there is any correlation in the contents of 137Cs and 40K in the caps (including hyphae) and stems of wild edible mushrooms with the contents of C, H, O and N in the caps (including hyphae) and stems of the mushrooms.Methods Wild edible mushroom caps (including hyphae) and stems were collected each with 33 samples from the northeastern region of China, and the contents of 137Cs and 40K were analyzed by using a low-background, high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the GB/T 16415-2022. Elements C, H, O, and N were also measured in the caps and stems of 11 wild edible mushrooms selected by simplerandom sampling. The pairwise analyses and correlation analyses were performed using SPSS 11.5.Results 137Cs was detected in all but a few samples. 40K was detected in all samples.The activity concentration of 137Cs detected in the cap (including hyphae) was 0.52-436 (Bq/kg, dry weight) and 0.45-250 (Bq/kg, dry weight) in the stipe, respectively. The 40K activity concentration was (7.56-19.3)×102 (Bq/kg, dry weight) in the cap (including hyphae) and (6.82-22.8)×102 (Bq/kg, dry weight) in the stipe. There was a statistical significant difference in the content of 137Cs between the cap (including hyphae) and the stalk (z=4.29, P < 0.01). Also there was a statistical significant difference in the contents of elemental O between the two parts (z=2.93, P < 0.01), but not in the contents of 40K, C, H, and N between the two parts. There was no significant correlation between the ratio of 137Cs content and the ratio of O elemental content in the two parts that were significantly different, but there was only a weak negative correlation between 137Cs and 40K contents in the stipe (r=-0.41, P < 0.05).Conclusions In the wild edible mushrooms collected in this study, the activity concentration of 137Cs in the cap (including hyphae) was higher than in the stipe in the most cases, with a significant difference, suggesting that the cap (including hyphae) was the main 137Cs incorporation site, which may be related to the complexation of cesium with the pigment in the cap. Although also significant in the elemental O content, the difference is not correlated with the 137Cs content. There was a weak negative correlation between 137Cs and 40K contents in the stipe, indicating some mutual inhibition. 40K content and C, H, and N contents were not significantly different between the two parts. |
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