中华放射医学与防护杂志

赵梦蝶,衣峻萱,金顺子,等.tRNA衍生片段在肿瘤发生发展中的作用及放疗应用的研究进展[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2025,45(4):380-384.Zhao Mengdie,Yi Junxuan,Jin Shunzi,et al.Advances in research on the role of tRNA-derived fragments in tumor formation and progression and their applications to radiotherapy for tumors[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2025,45(4):380-384

tRNA衍生片段在肿瘤发生发展中的作用及放疗应用的研究进展

Advances in research on the role of tRNA-derived fragments in tumor formation and progression and their applications to radiotherapy for tumors

投稿时间：2024-05-12

DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn112271-20240512-00172

中文关键词: tRF 肿瘤放射治疗肿瘤标志物

英文关键词:tRF Tumor Radiotherapy Tumor marker

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(82173454,81201737);吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20200201524JC);吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20211196KJ);吉林省财政厅卫生科研人才专项项目(2024SCZ66);吉林大学技术开发(委托)项目(2023220103000073);吉林大学中日联谊医院"研究者发起的临床研究项目-引导专项"(YJZ2024014)

作者	单位	E-mail
赵梦蝶	吉林大学公共卫生学院国家卫健委放射生物学重点实验室, 长春 130021
衣峻萱	吉林大学公共卫生学院国家卫健委放射生物学重点实验室, 长春 130021
金顺子	吉林大学公共卫生学院国家卫健委放射生物学重点实验室, 长春 130021
武宁	吉林大学公共卫生学院国家卫健委放射生物学重点实验室, 长春 130021 吉林大学中日联谊医院放射治疗科, 长春 130033	wuning@jlu.edu.c

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中文摘要:

tRNA来源的小RNA(tsRNA)是一类来源于转运核糖核苷酸(tRNA)的小RNA片段,属于小非编码RNA(sncRNA),分为tRNA衍生片段(tRF)与tRNA来源应激诱导的小RNA(tiRNA)两大类。随着高通量测序技术和生物信息学的迅速发展,tsRNA被发现参与基因表达、信号传导、表观遗传等多种生物学过程,并在肿瘤进展中起重要作用。放射治疗对正常组织的损伤、肿瘤细胞产生放疗抵抗是影响肿瘤放疗疗效的重要因素,tsRNA也在辐射诱导的细胞损伤、细胞辐射敏感性与辐射抗性的变化中发挥作用,因此,tsRNA有望在未来成为肿瘤放疗的有效靶点。本文主要从tRF的来源、分类、生物学功能与在肿瘤中的作用以及在放射治疗应用方面的研究进展进行综述,旨在探讨tRF在肿瘤放射治疗中的研究价值与应用前景。

英文摘要:

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs)—small RNA fragments derived from transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)—fall into the category of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs). They can be categorized into two major types: tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA-derived stress-induced small RNAs (tiRNAs). With the rapid advancement in high-throughput sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, tsRNAs have been involved in a variety of biological processes, including gene expression, signal transduction, and epigenetic inheritance, while also playing a significant role in tumor progression. The efficacy of radiotherapy is primarily affected by radiation-induced damage to normal tissues and the resistance of tumor cells to radiotherapy. It has been found that tsRNAs plays a significant role in radiation-induced cellular damage, as well as the modulation of radiation sensitivity and resistance. This highlights their potential as promising therapeutic targets in radiotherapy for tumors. This study reviews the origins, classification, biological functions of tRFs, as well as the advances in research on their role in tumor formation and progression and their applications in radiotherapy for tumors. This study aims to explore the research value of tRFs and their potential for application in radiotherapy for tumors.

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