| 俞涛,刘晶,任泂,郝玉徽,李蓉.便携式γ能谱仪快速鉴定低放射性活度贫铀[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2015,35(3):217-221 |
| 便携式γ能谱仪快速鉴定低放射性活度贫铀 |
| Rapid identification of low activity of depleted uranium using portable γ -spectrometer |
| 投稿时间：2014-08-07 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2015.03.014 |
| 中文关键词: 便携式γ能谱 贫铀 鉴定 |
| 英文关键词:Portable γ spectrometer Depleted uranium Identification |
| 基金项目:军队"十二五"重大项目(AwS11C 002-009) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2565 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探索便携式γ能谱仪快速鉴定低放射性活度贫铀可行性和所需的基本条件。方法 取5 g贫铀样品,使用高纯锗γ能谱仪进行分析,鉴定核素种类,计算核素百分含量。运用便携式γ能谱仪,对同一批次样品鉴定,样品质量为1 g,模拟战、现场条件,按不同比例加入0~5 g普通泥土,密封,测量距离为1~5 cm,能谱采集时间为1~10 min,结果以样品中238U、235U核素活度表示,将其换算成比活度,计算235U在铀同位素中的百分含量,若小于0.718%,则确定为贫铀。结果 便携式γ能谱仪检测出238U的条件是样品质量≥0.5 g,测量距离0.5~5 cm;但检测出235U的条件必须是质量≥1 g,测量距离≤1 cm。在可同时检测出238U与235U时,经计算235U百分含量均小于0.718%,判定为贫铀样品。结论 便携式γ能谱仪可快速对低放射性活度贫铀获得能谱,鉴定核素种类,结论与高纯锗能谱仪、α谱仪和ICP-MS一致。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the feasibility of using portable γ spectrometer to rapidly identify the low activity of depleted uranium and the underlying conditions.Methods Firstly, high purity germanium (Ge) γ spectrometer was used to analyze energy spectrum of DU samples (5 g) and calculate nuclide percentage of 235U in an attempt to ascertain the properties of these DU samples. The portable γ spectrometer was used to provide the evidences for identification of DU samples. Secondly, portable γ spectrometer was also used to identify DU samples of same group. These samples contain 1 g DU powder and 0-5 g environmental clay powder, which were sealed with double layer pocket, and then detected with a distance of 1-5 cm during the longest detection time of 10 min. According to the detection of nuclide activity of 238U and 235U in the samples and the subsequent calculation of specific activity, the nuclide percentage composition was calculated and the existence of DU was confirmed if this value of 235U was less than 0.718%.Results The activity of 238U was detected using portable γ spectrometer under all test conditions, while the activity of 235U was detectable only under certain test conditions (MA≥1 g, DN≤1 cm). Under the condition that the 238U and 235U was both detected, the nuclide percentage of 235U was all less than 0.718%, which suggested that the DU was confirmed.Conclusions The energy spectrum of low activity of DU and the type of nuclide could rapidly be identified and evaluated by using portable γ spectrometer. This is same as the conclusions obtained with high purity Ge γ spectrometer, α spectrometer and ICP-MS. |
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