| 邓君,曹磊,张庆召,练德幸,尚兵,苏旭.氡析出对居室建材外照射剂量模型的影响[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2014,34(2):140-144 |
| 氡析出对居室建材外照射剂量模型的影响 |
| Calculation and analysis of effect of radon exhalation on external dose model for building materials |
| 投稿时间：2013-05-09 |
| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-5098.2014.02.016 |
| 中文关键词: 氡析出 建材 外照射剂量模型 氡面发射系数 |
| 英文关键词:Radon exhalation Building material External dose model Radon surface emanation factor |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究氡析出对居室建材外照射剂量模型的影响，为准确评价建材放射性外照射危害提供依据。方法 分析建材中氡的析出机制，推导建材单位比活度226Ra所致外照射剂量率氡析出修正因子的数学模型，利用Matlab程序解析计算、探讨氡析出修正因子与扩散长度、氡面发射系数以及建材厚度的关系。计算、比较部分建材在修正与未修正氡析出影响下所致的吸收剂量率。结果 建材单位比活度226Ra所致吸收剂量率的氡析出修正因子与扩散长度、建材厚度不相关，与发射系数负相关，在数值上等于“1－FRn”（FRn为氡面发射系数）。在修正与未修正氡析出影响两种情况下，部分建材所致吸收剂量率的相对百分偏差为2.23%~10.02%。结论 建材氡的析出对其外照射辐射剂量模型有一定影响，可选取氡析出修正因子为“1－FRn”进行修正，从而更科学地评价建材外照射危害。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To study the effect of radon exhalation on the external dose model for building material, so as to provide the scientific and precise assessment of external radiation exposure hazard. Methods The mechanism of exhalation of radon from building material was analyzed, mathematical model of correction factor for the effect of radon exhalation was derived and resolved by Matlab program and the relationship between correction factor and diffusion length, surface emanation coefficient and thickness of building material was discussed. The absorbed dose rate induced by several classical building materials was calculated and compared. Results The radon exhalation correction factor was independent of diffusion length and thickness of building material in most cases. Negative correlation was found between radon exhalation correction factor and radon surface emanation coefficient. Radon exhalation correction factor numerically equals to‘1-radon surface emanation coefficient’. The relative percentage deviation between absorbed dose rate induced by several classical building materials was in the range of 2.23%-10.02%, for both corrected and uncorrected radon exhalation effects. Conclusions Radon exhalation from building material has a certain effect on external dose model for building material,which should attract attention. It is important to conduct the correction for external dose model by introducing‘1－radon surface emanation coefficient’ as the radon exhalation correction factor, in order for the scientific assessment and control of external radiation exposure hazards from building materials. |
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