| 冯一中,毛棣华,田野,等.高能电子线皮肤辐射损伤动物模型的超微病理学研究[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2000,20(6):404-407.FENG Yizhong,MAO Dihua,TIAN Ye,et al.Ultrastructural pathological research on skin radiation injury induced by high energy electrons in an animal model[J].Chin J Radiol Med Prot,2000,20(6):404-407 |
| 高能电子线皮肤辐射损伤动物模型的超微病理学研究 |
| Ultrastructural pathological research on skin radiation injury induced by high energy electrons in an animal model |
| 投稿时间：2000-04-28 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 皮肤 辐射损伤 电子线 超微病理学 |
| 英文关键词:Skin Radiation injury Electron Ultrastructural pathology |
| 基金项目:国防科工委预研资助项目(Y692006204) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 3807 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 通过动物模型研究高能电子线皮肤辐射损伤产生延迟性坏死和溃疡难以愈合的病理改变和机理,为进一步临床研究打下基础。方法 本实验以SD大鼠作为实验对象,以直线加速器产生的4MeV的电子线照射臀部皮肤制作皮肤放射损伤模型。实验动物分5Gy、15Gy、30Gy、45Gy4个剂量组,一次性照射后2个月作病理学肉眼、光镜、电镜观察。结果 5Gy组光镜形态改变不明显,电镜下可见棘细胞肿胀,基底细胞核固缩,核膜下染色质边集,血管内皮细胞肿胀,部分细胞核固缩,管腔狭小,皮下胶原纤维断裂水肿;15Gy组棘细胞和基底细胞肿胀明显,基底细胞胞浆内张力微丝、桥粒、半桥粒显着减少,血管内皮和毛囊上皮细胞变性;30Gy组电镜下棘细胞、基底细胞核固缩、水肿明显。45Gy组3周时可见皮肤溃疡形成,电镜见基底细胞层有凋亡细胞和凋亡小体形成,基底膜有缺损,毛细血管内有血栓形成,纤维母细胞染色质边集。结论 高能电子线皮肤辐射损伤超微结构病理改变程度同照射剂量大小直接相关,基底细胞核固缩,线粒体、内质网肿胀,出现凋亡小体血管内皮细胞肿胀,核固缩,血管腔狭小,毛细血管内血栓形成,胶原纤维断裂,纤维母细胞出现凋亡小体等超微结构改变,为高能电子线造成皮肤辐射损伤和溃疡难以愈合提供了形态学基础,有关其机理有待于进一步探讨。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective In his study an animal model of skin radiation injury was established to research the pathological change, mechanism of delayed necrosis, and difficulty in healing of ulcers induced by high energy electrons, the results of which would be based for further clinical research. Methods In this model the radiation injury on hip skin of SD mice was induced by 4 MeV electrons from an electron linear accelerator.Experimental animals were divided into four exposure dose groups:5 Gy, 15 Gy, 30 Gy, 45 Gy.The pathological changes was observed macroscopically and by light and electron microscopy. Results The morphologic change of the 5 Gy group wasn't obvious under light-microscope but was evident under electron microscope, including swelling of spinous cells, pyknosis of nuclei in cells of stratum basale and chromatin margination, endothelial swelling and nuclear pyknosis in microvessels, decrease in microvessel diameter, the dermal interstitial edema and break of collagenous fibrils.In the 15 Gy group the swelling was obvious in spinous and basal cells.The amount of microfibrils, desmosomes and hemidesmosomes decreased remarkably in basal cells.There was degeneration in vessel endoethelium and hair follicle epithelium.In the 30 Gy group, swelling and pyknosis were evident in spinous cells and basal cells.In the 45 Gy group skin ulcers could be seen.Apoptosis and disruption of basement membrane were seen in stratum basal.There were thrombosis in capillaries and chromatin margination in fibroblasts. Conclusion The degree of ultrastructurall changes in skin with radiation injury induced by high energy electrons is directly related to exposure dose.The swelling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, apoptosis in basal cells, swelling, pyknosis, cavity narrowing and thrombosis in microvessels, disruption of collagenous fibrils and apotosis in fibroblasts can be observed.These findings provide morphologic basis for study of radiation skin injury and difficulty in healing of skin ulcers induced by high energy electrons.The mechanism of delayed trauma healing waits for further research. |
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