中华放射医学与防护杂志

金益和,饭田孝夫,池边幸正,王作元,阿部史朗,下道国,乌兰,田德源,杜开如,杨孝桐,张浩然,陈惠英,李锁照,范鑫,曾庆祥,谢宏如.用累积法对中国部分城市室内外²²²Rn浓度的调查[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,1996,16(6):363-368

用累积法对中国部分城市室内外²²²Rn浓度的调查

A subnationwide survey of outdoor and indoor²²²Rn concentrations in china by passive method

投稿时间：1996-05-03 修订日期：1996-07-05

DOI：

中文关键词: ²²²Rn浓度累积法环境放射性

英文关键词:²²²Rn concentration passive method geographic distribuion

基金项目:

作者	单位
金益和	350001 福州, 福建省劳动卫生职业病研究所
饭田孝夫	日本名古屋大学
池边幸正	日本名古屋大学
王作元	卫生部工业卫生实验所
阿部史朗	日本科技厅放射线综合医学研究所
下道国	日本岐阜医疗技术短期大学
乌兰	内蒙古自治区放射卫生防护所
田德源	卫生部工业卫生实验所
杜开如	上海医科大学
杨孝桐	350001 福州, 福建省劳动卫生职业病研究所
张浩然	上海市防疫站
陈惠英	吉林省防疫站
李锁照	贵州省防疫站
范鑫	陕西省防疫站
曾庆祥	武汉市防疫站
谢宏如	江苏省防疫站

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中文摘要:

目的: 为了解环境氡的变化规律和对人体的影响, 从1988年11月至1993年3月, 中日合作对我国人口密集的10个城市的室内外²²²Rn浓度进行了现场调查。方法:使用日本名古屋大学研制的Aloka, Cs-201B型静电累积²²²Rn探测器。该仪器采样2个月时, 探测下限为0, 4Bq·m^-3.结果: 室外10个城市年平均值为8.8Bq·M^-3, 其中武汉市为最高(13.5Bq·m^-3·a^-1), 上海的崇明岛最低(3.3Bq·m^-3·a-1).在西北风的季节里, 台湾地区室外²²²Rn浓度的50%由陆地气团所贡献。室内10个城市年平均值为19.5Bq·m^-3, 其中贵阳市最高(33.9Bq·m^-3·a^-1), 上海的崇明岛最低(9.0Bq·m^-3·a^-1).10个城市由²²²Rn及其子体所致公众年平均当量剂量为0.64mSv·a^-1, 其中贵阳市最高(1.12mSv·a^-1), 南通市最低(0.39mSv·a^-1).结论: 以上结果表明, 所调查的10个城市室内²²²Rn的平均浓度值低于世界均值, ²²²Rn及子体所致居民的平均剂量也低于世界均值。

英文摘要:

From Nov.1985 to Mar.1993, cooperated by China and Japan, a survey of outdoor and indoor²²² Rn concentrations in 10 cities which were highly populated in China was carried out by means of passive method. The annual mean of outdoor ²²²Rn concentration in 10 cities was 8.8 Bq. m^-3. The highest of 13.5 Bq .m^-3 was in Wuhan, the lowest of 3.3Bq.m^-3 was in Chongming Island of Shanghai; and there were no significant differences among the different years in the same areas. During the northwest wind seasons, about 50% of outdoor ²²²Rn concentration in Taiwan was contributed by the airflow from the mainland.Typical apartment houses and offices built of brick and concrete were also surveyed for indoor 22 Rn concentrations. The annual me an of indoor ²²² Rn concentration in the 10 cities was 19.SBq. m^-3. The highest of 33.9Bq. m^-3 was observed in Guiyang, the lowest of 9.OBq.m^-3 was observed in Chongming Island of Shanghai. The outdoor and indoor ²²²Rn concentrations showed a clear seasonal pattern with the minimum in summer and the maxium in winter. And they also showed a clear geographic distribution tendency, they were higher in inlands than in seashores, and higher in the south than in the north. The ratios of indoor to outdoor ²²²Rn concentrations were from 1.1 to 4.6. The annual effective dose equivalents resulting from outdoor and indoor ²²²Rn concentrations amounted to about 0.64 mSv. a^-1. The highest was in Guiyang, and the lowest was in Nantong, being 1.12 and 0.39 mSv. a^-1, respectively.

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